Are you preparing for an interview with Infosys? Whether you're aspiring to be a Software Engineer, System Engineer, Data Scientist, or Cybersecurity Specialist, this comprehensive guide will help you navigate the types of questions you might face and how to answer them effectively. Infosys, a global leader in consulting, technology, and next-generation services, seeks candidates who demonstrate technical proficiency, problem-solving abilities, and strong analytical skills. Below, we delve into specific interview questions and answers tailored to these profiles.
Table of Content
Infosys Recruitment Process
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Software Engineer
A Software Engineer designs, develops, and maintains software systems using engineering principles and programming languages. They ensure software functions correctly and meets user needs throughout its lifecycle.
OOPS
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that organizes software design around objects, which are instances of classes. It emphasizes principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction to promote code reuse and modularity
Explain the four pillars of OOP | |
What is a constructor? | |
What are method overloading and method overriding? | |
Difference between abstraction and encapsulation | |
How is an abstract class different from an interface? | |
Where is an object stored if it is created inside a block in C++? | |
Why Java doesn't support Multiple Inheritance? |
DBMS
DBMS (Database Management System) is software that allows for the creation, management, and manipulation of databases. It provides tools for storing, retrieving, and managing data in a structured and efficient manner, ensuring data integrity, security, and accessibility for users and applications
What is normalization? Explain different normal forms. | |
Explain the difference between SQL and NoSQL databases. | |
Write a query to create a new table with columns for ID, Name, Age, and Salary. | |
Explain the ACID properties of a transaction. | |
What are the differences between DDL, DML, and DCL in SQL? | |
Explain the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE commands. | |
What is E-R model in the DBMS? |
Operating System
An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware, enabling the execution of applications and efficient resource management.
Describe the working of a virtual memory system. | |
What is different between main memory and secondary memory | |
What is a Thread? | |
What is demand paging? | |
What are the different states of the process? | |
What is caching? | |
What is the difference between the Operating system and kernel? |
Computer Network
A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that communicate with each other to share resources and data. These devices, connected by wired or wireless media, use protocols to facilitate communication and ensure data is transmitted accurately and securely
What is DNS and how does it work? | |
What is the difference between a hub, switch, and router? | |
What is VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)? | |
What is the difference between TCP and UDP? | |
Explain the difference between static routing and dynamic routing. | |
What is IP Spoofing? | |
What is the DNS? |
Coding and DSA
Coding in Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) involves writing computer programs to implement and manipulate data structures, such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, and trees, and to solve problems using algorithms, such as sorting, searching, and graph traversal. This practice aims to optimize the efficiency and performance of software applications by improving time and space complexity.
Write a program to find the intersection of two arrays. | |
Detect a cycle in a linked list. | |
Program to Swap Two Numbers without using the Third Variable. | |
Inorder Traversal of Binary Tree | |
Program for Armstrong Numbers | |
Check if string is rotated by two places | |
Matrix Chain Multiplication |
Operating System
An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware, enabling the execution of applications and efficient resource management.
Scheduling algorithms(FCFS, SJF, SRTF, HRNN, RR, PBS, MLQ, MLFQ) | |
Banker's Algorithm | |
Blocking vs. Non-Blocking | |
Fragmentation | |
Synchronous vs. Asynchronous | |
What is a Distributed Operating System? | |
What are Time-Sharing Operating Systems? |
Computer Network
A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that communicate with each other to share resources and data. These devices, connected by wired or wireless media, use protocols to facilitate communication and ensure data is transmitted accurately and securely
Explain LAN (Local Area Network) | |
What is VPN and How It Works? | |
What is the network topology? | |
What is the protocol and port no of DNS? | |
What is IP Spoofing? | |
What is the SMTP protocol? | |
What are Time-Sharing Operating Systems? |
DBMS
DBMS (Database Management System) is software that allows for the creation, management, and manipulation of databases. It provides tools for storing, retrieving, and managing data in a structured and efficient manner, ensuring data integrity, security, and accessibility for users and applications
Write an SQL query to demonstrate the use of an INNER JOIN. | |
What are the ACID properties of a transaction? | |
Explain Data Redundancy? | |
Explain different languages present in DBMS. | |
What do you mean by Functional Dependency? | |
What is a distributed database, and what are its advantages? | |
Describe the role of an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) tool. |
System Administration
System Administration involves managing and maintaining computer systems, servers, and networks to ensure their reliable and efficient operation. This includes tasks such as installing and updating software, monitoring system performance, managing user accounts, and ensuring security protocols are in place.
Describe the steps to configure a new server. | |
How do you ensure system security and data integrity? | |
What tools do you use for monitoring and maintaining system health? | |
Explain the process of setting up a virtual machine. | |
What do you know about WINS servers? | |
Can you differentiate between firewall and antivirus? | |
What do you know about the PPP protocol? |
Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing is the delivery of computing services, including storage, processing power, and applications, over the internet ("the cloud"). It allows users to access and manage these resources on-demand from remote servers, providing scalability, flexibility, and cost-efficiency compared to traditional on-premises computing.
What is cloud computing, and what are its main advantages? | |
Describe the differences between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. | |
How do you deploy and manage applications in a cloud environment? | |
What is Cloud Storage? | |
What’s the difference between Edge Computing and Cloud Computing? | |
What is Edge Computing? | |
Difference Between Cloud and Data Center |
Cyber Security
Cyber Security is the practice of protecting computer systems, networks, and data from digital attacks, unauthorized access, and damage. It involves implementing measures such as firewalls, encryption, intrusion detection systems, and regular security audits to safeguard information and ensure privacy and integrity.
What is Firewall? | |
What is the difference between active and passive cyber attacks? | |
Define encryption and decryption? | |
What is the CIA triangle? | |
What is SQL injection? | |
Explain the concept of a secure Password. | |
What is DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service)? |
Data Scientist
A Data Scientist analyzes and interprets complex data to help organizations make informed decisions. They use statistical techniques, machine learning, and data visualization to uncover patterns, predict trends, and provide actionable insights
Python
Python is a high-level, general-purpose, and very popular programming language. Python programming language (latest Python 3) is being used in web development, and Machine Learning applications, along with all cutting-edge technology in Software Industry.
What is the difference between list and tuple in Python? | |
What do you understand by the term PEP 8? | |
How to share Global variables across Python modules? | |
What is __init__() in Python? | |
What is PIP? | |
What are Decorators? | |
What are Pickling and Unpickling? |
SQL
SQL is a standard database language used to access and manipulate data in databases. SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It was developed by IBM Computer Scientists in the 1970s. By executing queries SQL can create, update, delete, and retrieve data in databases like MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, etc. Overall, SQL is a query language that communicates with databases.
What are the differences between SQL and PL/SQL? | |
What is Cursor in SQL ? | |
What is CASE Statement in SQL? | |
What is the need for group functions in SQL? | |
What are Triggers in SQL? | |
What is the difference between BETWEEN and IN operators in SQL? | |
What is a trigger? |
R
R programming language is an implementation of the S programming language. It also combines with lexical scoping semantics inspired by Scheme. Moreover, the project was conceived in 1992, with an initial version released in 1995 and a stable beta version in 2000.
Explain the concept of parallel processing in R and how to use it? | |
What is the concept of Clustering in R Programming? | |
Explain the concept of data frames in R? | |
Explain the concept of functions in R and how to write them? | |
What are the different classes in R and how to create them? | |
What is Rmarkdown? What is the use of it? | |
Explain the difference between matrix and Data Frame. |
Machine Learning
Machine learning (ML) is a subdomain of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on developing systems that learn—or improve performance—based on the data they ingest. Artificial intelligence is a broad word that refers to systems or machines that resemble human intelligence.
What's the difference between overfitting and underfitting? | |
Explain the Confusion Matrix with Respect to Machine Learning Algorithms. | |
What is a Random Forest? | |
What is a Decision Tree? | |
Briefly Explain Logistic Regression. | |
What is a Hypothesis in Machine Learning? | |
What is a radial basis function? Explain its use. |
Information Security
Information Security (InfoSec) is the practice of protecting information from unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, and destruction. It involves implementing policies, procedures, and technical measures to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data
Difference Between Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Encryption | |
What is the CIA Triad, and why is it important? | |
What exactly is a three-way handshake? | |
Define Firewall and Types | |
Difference between Block Cipher and Stream Cipher | |
What steps would you take to secure a web application? | Article Link |
What is a VPN and how does it enhance security? | Article Link |
Risk Management
Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks to minimize, monitor, and control the probability or impact of unfortunate events. It involves developing strategies to manage potential threats and capitalize on opportunities, ensuring organizational objectives are achieved with minimal disruption.
What is Risk Management? | |
Steps of Risk Management Process | |
Methods for Identifying Risks | |
Risk Assessment | |
What are some common risk mitigation strategies? | |
How do you communicate risk to stakeholders? | Article Link |
How do you handle emerging risks that were not previously identified? | Article Link |
Network Security
Network security is the practice of protecting a computer network from unauthorized access, misuse, or attacks. It involves using tools, technologies, and policies to ensure that data traveling over the network is safe and secure, keeping sensitive information away from hackers and other threats.
What is Switching? | |
What is Firewalls in networking? | |
What is VPN and How It Works? | |
What is WAN in networking? | |
What is Proxy Server? | |
What is a Zero Trust security model? | Article Link |
What are some common network security protocols? | Article Link |
Application Security
Network security is the practice of protecting a computer network and its data from unauthorized access, misuse, malfunction, modification, destruction, or improper disclosure. It involves implementing measures such as firewalls, encryption, intrusion detection systems, and access controls to ensure the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of network resources.
What is Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) | |
HTTP Request Smuggling / Desync Testing Tool | |
What is DMARC? | |
Explain HTTP Strict Transport Security | |
SSL Certificate | |
How do you protect against API security threats? | Article Link |
How do you handle sensitive data in an application? | Article Link |
Infosys Interview Experience
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