Node.js is a runtime environment that allows JavaScript to run outside the browser for building server-side applications.
- Built on the V8 JavaScript engine.
- Supports asynchronous, event-driven programming.
- Efficient for scalable network applications.

"Hello, World!" Program in Node.js
A “Hello, World!” program is the simplest way to begin with Node.js, showing how JavaScript runs outside the browser.
- Executes JavaScript in a server or command-line environment.
- Does not rely on a browser console.
console.log("Hello, World!");
Output:

Working of Node.js
Node.js is a runtime environment that enables JavaScript to run outside the browser for building scalable server-side applications.
- Built on the V8 JavaScript engine.
- Uses asynchronous, event-driven architecture.
- Suitable for scalable network applications.
Components of Node.js Architecture
Node.js architecture consists of components that work together to handle asynchronous, non-blocking operations efficiently.
- V8 Engine: Compiles JavaScript to machine code for fast execution.
- Event Loop: Manages asynchronous tasks without blocking the main thread.
- Libuv: Handles I/O operations, thread pool, and timers.
- Non-Blocking I/O: Executes tasks without waiting for previous ones to complete.