18th Sunday in OT

One of the Gospel words for movement is the Greek verb “choreo,” from which we got the English word “chorus.”

The oldest meaning of this verb was “to move back, in order to make a space” for someone or something. It also meant “to move forward,” in much the same way, and “to understand something” by moving your mind mentally, or making space to receive it.

In today’s Gospel reading, we get the related verb “anachoreo,” with the ana- meaning to go back again, along with the adverb “ekeithen,” from that place.

The lectionary translation is that Our Lord “withdrew,” which seems nice, and arguably includes the potential military associations of the verbs.

So Our Lord withdrew “en ploion,” in a boat and presumably a fishing boat, “eis eremon topon,” to a deserted place, “kat’ idian,” by Himself.

He did this “after hearing” or “upon having heard” (akousas) about the whole thing with Herod executing His cousin John, and with Herodias playing the anti-Esther through her daughter Salome.

And then the crowds, also “having heard” (akousantes) about what Jesus was doing after His cousin’s non-judicial murder, “followed Him.” The verb “akoloytheo” literally means to follow someone down the same keleuthos, a kind of road, to serve that person; and was also used for what students or political followers did when they chose a side.

They came on foot, “pexe,” from their towns, “apo ton poleon.”

And as Jesus was “disembarking,” ie, coming out (exelthon) from the place where he was, which was the boat, He saw (eiden) the large crowd (polyn ochlon).

And Jesus’ innards were moved with compassion (esplangchnisthe, and try to say that five times fast) for them, and He healed (etherapeusen) their sick (arrhoustos). This kind of “sick” literally means those without strength to move around quickly.

The fun literary thing is that both “arrhostos” and “akouoythou” have the intensifying prefix alpha- buried in their etymology.

Anyway… Time to go to Mass.

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17th Sunday in OT

Today we got a homily on predestination, and how the Church’s views differ from those of Calvinists: which I can safely say I have never gotten at Mass before!

(Apologetics talks about it, yes. Homilies, no. Thus the difference between young priests and older priests.)

So yup, we had Romans 8 for the second reading. The first reading was Solomon praying for understanding, which of course is always a favorite. And the Gospel was Matthew 13, with the treasure in the field, the pearl of great price, and the net of fish, followed by the master of the house who has a storeroom with things new and old.

The pearl is “polytimon,” very valuable or of much value. The same word gets used in John 12:3 for the nard ointment, and in 1 Peter 1:7 for faith being very much more precious (poly timioteron) than gold.

The Greek word for “honor,” time (tee-may), originally meant something like worth in terms of market value. So yup, same word as the word for price.

Jesus talks about “bad fish,” but this is the word “sapros,” which actually means rotten. (Same as with “bad fruit” being rotten fruit.) So yup, no buckets for the old dead rotten fish!

(And I complain about the lectionary translation a fair bit, but “buckets” was perfect. Much better than the KJV “vessels.”)

Finally, the “end” of the world is “synteleia,” together-accomplishing, or things all ending together, at the same time. (It is also the word that was used for some civic private projects in ancient Greece, and even for drafting soldiers.)

I don’t know…it just sounds cooler. Like a plan coming together, and everybody working together behind the scenes on getting the plan done. Synteleia tou aionos.

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Cleaning House

Today I threw away a pretty good load of old things from my family’s house. I hate doing it, but they truly are no good to anyone at this point.

There is a lot to do, and I will have to throw away a lot more. It hurts.

The worst thing is that they aren’t beyond use, but they are not the kind of things you can give away or sell at a thrift store. So I hate throwing them away, but I know that nobody can use something like a musty throw pillow.

I don’t have forty sofas, and they spent a lot of time on damp garages. They probably have been bringing mold into the house the whole time since they got here. But it is still hard, because they used to be owned by someone I love.

I also have to go through things, because my mother took down a lot of family photos at some point and put them away. I don’t know where they are.

I have a lot to do, and I put some of it off because other stuff had to be done first. But the work did not go away.

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Like Yeast

This was another beautiful parable that the online guy with the weird Protestant pastor had been taught to badmouth.

So in this parable, the Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast (zyme) which, taking up (labousa, a feminine participle of lambano), a woman (gyne) mixes into wheat flour (aleuron).

The Greek word translated here as “mixed” is “enekrypsen” from the verb “egkrypto” or “enkrypto.” It originally meant “to hide inside” but it can also mean “to mix thoroughly into a substance, so that you can’t see it anymore as something separate.”

Now… that said… the LXX several times translates one of the Hebrew words for “a cake, a small loaf of bread” with the word “egkryphias” or “enkryphias,” meaning a cake cooked inside a layer of hot ashes, and hence hidden inside the ashes. The Hebrew was uggah’ or uggath retzaphim.

This kind of cake could be leavened or unleavened. And it gets cooked by a gyne in 3 Kgs/1 Kgs, namely the widow with only a handful of flour and a bit of oil in a jar.

So it is probably a reference made by Jesus on purpose.

Three measures (saton) of flour equals one ephah, and it was apparently the standard smallest amount to bake.

Archestratus’ Gastronomy (from the 4th century AD) says that Tegea has the best wheat enkryphias, but describes them as being made from semidalis (which is a finer grade of flour).

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Birds and Mustard Tree

Years ago online, there was a guy who was saying that his pastor taught that since the birds in the parable of the good ground represented the demons grabbing souls, that the birds in the mustard seed tree were also demons.

I tried to explain how the parables use different and same things to emphasize points, but I don’t think I convinced him.

In today’s Gospel reading, the lectionary translation has quote marks around “birds of the sky come and dwell in its branches.”

That is because the Greek in the Gospels references the Septuagint Greek version of Ps. 103:12/104:12.

The psalm talks about how God is amazing and mighty, how the good angels obey Him, how God made the Earth, and how God made and commanded water to flow down from the mountains into the valleys, to give life to nature and humans, when emerging from the ground as springs.

So in the quoted verse, the Greek psalmist says, “Over them, the birds of the air shall dwell (kataskenousei, literally, shall dwell in a tent).”

(The Hebrew version says that the birds will have their “shakan” there, their tent. This is the same tent word used for the tabernacle of the Holy of Holies.)

In the Gospels, the birds “come also to dwell” (elthein… kai kataskenoun) in the tree.

Since Jesus is quoting a happy psalm of praise that says nice things about birds, He has indeed turned the meaning of birds as a symbol in this other parable. These are desirable birds, not birds eating good seeds.

The Hebrew psalm Masoretic reading then says that the birds sing “among the branches,” just like Matthew references; while the LXX says they will “give forth voice from the midst of the rocks” (ek mesou ton petron dosousin phonen).

Mark’s version of the story says that the birds in the branches are ‘under the shadow” (hypo ten skian) of the tree, and of course shadow and overshadow language is Temple language. (The Kingdom of Heaven is the true cosmic Temple come to Earth, among other things.)

So the birds here are usually understood as good angels, or all of nature recreated, or the people of the Church who come from all over the world.

Also, while we are talking about it, I will reiterate that Jesus does not say “smallest of all seeds.” He says the comparative form “mikroteron,” which means “smaller”. Literally mustard seeds are “one of the smaller ones among all seeds,” but that is awkward to say in English.

Similarly, He says that the mustard tree is “one of the bigger plants” (meizon ton lakanon).

Aramaic and Hebrew do not have a superlative form of adjective, like Greek does. But there is a way to say the superlative if you want, which is the use of the base word three times. (And I think there are other constructions too.)

So I do not think the Gospels are making a mistake. They are purposely using the comparative “mikroteron” instead of the superlative “mikrostaton,” and the same with the comparative “meizon.”

And that means that people are making a difficulty of fact out of a reasonable range of smallness and bigness.

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The Servant of God Sigrid Undset?

The Diocese of Oslo announced that, starting this fall, they will be starting a canonization cause for the writer Sigrid Undset.

Heh, not only deserved, but useful to the causes of other saintly Catholic writers.

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Cormorant?

I think I saw a double-crested cormorant today, over in the retention pond in front of the condo development. That is pretty far south of Lake Erie, but apparently the cormorants are known to have a breeding population near Columbus.

So I guess it is not weird to see one, given that a few seagulls often end up down here, every few years.

I always forget to take pictures of stuff, and I do not want to scare the bird away. But if I see him again, I will try to get photo documentation.

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14th Sunday in Ordinary Time

It is a time of rejoicing in my beloved country, and a time of sorrow in the Church. The best of times and the worst of times. We should all pray.

I remembered to put out the flag yesterday, so that was a plus.

In today’s readings, we have the beautiful Zechariah 9:9-10, which is Messianic of course, and brings us back to Palm Sunday while foretelling the Second Coming.

We have a lot of other good stuff, and then the Gospel is Matthew 11:25-30.

Right before what Jesus says in the reading, He was foretelling woe to Chorazin, Bethsaida, and His own adopted town of Capernaum.

So we are hearing the nice bit after that.

Jesus “gives praise” to the Father in the lectionary translation, and “thanks” the Father in a lot of other translations.

But this is not the verb “eucharisteo.” It is the verb “exomologeo,” to acknowledge or confess or publicly praise. (Praising someone for doing something good or awesome is sort of like thanking him, but it is not the same.)

(The related verb “homologeo” means almost the same stuff, as well as including meanings like “to agree, to concede, to go along with” or “to speak out freely.”)

Jesus addresses His Father as “Pater, Kyrie tou ouranou kai tes ges,” in the vocative. So literally “O Father, O Lord of the heavens and the earth.”

And then He talks about how the Father has hidden (“apekrypsas”, back to -krypt again) these things (“tauta”) from the wise (“sophoun”) and the learned (“synetoun,” those who can put data together), and revealed (“apekalypsas”) them (“auta”) to little ones.

The lectionary translation is doing something interesting here.

Jesus talks in Greek about things being revealed to the “nepiois,” which has the etymological meaning of “those who cannot speak yet,” meaning babies.

The word continued to have this meaning in Greek usage, but it could also be used to mean adults with mental problems, or those not trained in public speaking.

In the Septuagint, the word gets used to translate both “baby” (‘olel) and also “simple or foolish person” (pethiy, as in Ps. 18:8/19:7, which says that “the testimony of the Lord is faithful, giving wisdom to little ones”).

So the Vulgate has “parvulis,” little ones, in that Psalm verse and in Mt. 11:25, and the Lectionary translation follows that connection drawn by St. Jerome. Neat!

The next verse is more complicated. Jesus says “Nai,” which is a strong Greek “yes.” You will also see it translated as stuff like “verily” and “indeed.”

“Nai, ho Pater!” This is not in the vocative, but in the nominative.

“Because in this way” (hoti houtous) “Your goodwill” (eudokia sou) “occurred/happened” (egeneto) “before You” (emprosthen, a preposition).

So yeah, I am feeling pretty simple today….

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Blessed Julia Ota

Some people have a gift for evangelism, and Bl. Julia Ota was one.

She was a Korean orphan raised by a Christian Japanese warlord. When her lord and adoptive father died, she ended up as a lady-in-waiting for the family of Ieyasu Tokugawa, as he became shogun.

Julia was beautiful, intelligent, and well-spoken, so Tokugawa decided that he wanted her as one of his high-status concubines. She refused, and she also refused to renounce Christianity.

So she was exiled to a remote island…

…But she converted several of the inhabitants.

So they exiled her to a different island.

And she converted more people.

Bl. Julia Ota never did get martyred, which was a great disappointment to her. But during all her years of exile, and after she was allowed back in mainland Japan, she continued to evangelize and convert others.

Blessed OTA Julia, pray for us!

Short videos about her from Kyota Ko’s channel:

1 https://m.youtube.com/shorts/qFx7gSt2uxQ

2 https://m.youtube.com/shorts/l5QtwQxAA2w

3

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Apologetics at 8 AM

Now I remember why I hate doing live apologetics.

Got done, said goodbye, did not lose my temper the whole time….

Almost got physically sick from the adrenaline slamming into the low blood sugar. Heart racing, gut wrenching, the whole schmole.

Obviously not the worst or hardest thing God could ask of us, but maaaaaaan, I would so much rather sing.

On the bright side, obviously the Holy Spirit helped me with the emotions, because I lose my temper very easily in public.

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Twelfth Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year A

This is an interesting group of readings. We have Jeremiah 20:10-13, in which Jeremiah complains about all the illwill he is encountering as a prophet, but explains his trust in God. Then we have Psalm 69:10, 14, 17, 33-35, about how people oppose the man who has zeal for the Lord’s house, but how that man also trusts in God. We then get Romans 5:12-15 on how death entered the world through Adam, but how Jesus is the second Adam and God Himself, Who rescues us. Finally, Mt. 10:26-33 has Jesus telling us how important it is that we testify freely and boldly, speaking out about the Truth Himself, even though we face hatred. By not being afraid of men, we win eternal life from God.

As usual, there are some connections between the readings that are not obvious in English.

The one that startled me was in Jeremiah 20:12. The lectionary translation is “For to You, I have entrusted my cause.” Which is a fine translation of the sense.

The Hebrew uses the verb “gala,” to open or uncover. “Rib” is a quarrel, or a legal dispute, or a legal case.

But the Greek shows the hidden connection very clearly. “Hoti pros de, apekalypsa ta apologemata mou.”

Yup, it’s the same Greek verb, “apokalypto,” meaning to uncover, to unveil, that we get in the Greek name of the Book of Revelation, the Apokalypsis of John.

So it’s literally “For to You, I have revealed my legal case,” and that’s also a good translation of the Hebrew.

God is acting as the Judge Who tests and examines the just, and Who sees the kidneys and the heart (with “kidneys” standing for the human mind, in this expression). Jeremiah asks God to let him see a just outcome during his own life, with his own eyes, that will match the just sentence that God is passing on evildoers that we do not always see.

Psalm 69 also has the Psalmist approaching the Just Judge for a just outcome, with confidence. This is shown more acutely by a verse we don’t sing today, Ps. 69:12, when we hear that “those who sit in the gate” are also being nasty. The elders who judge cases and disputes are the ones who sit at the gates of the town. So the local judicial system is also against the Psalmist, just as his male relatives and his own womb brothers, who should be his legal advocates and blood-avengers, are also against him.

The Alleluia verse also talks about this, from John 15:26b-27a: “The spirit of truth” (to pneuma tes aleithias) “… shall testify about Me” (martyresei peri emou), says the Lord, “and y’all also will testify.” (kai humeis de martyreite). This is primarily talking about testifying before the Father, but the Gospel reading says that this also applies to our troubles and testings on Earth.

(John says that Jesus says that “y’all,” the Apostles, will do this “because y’all have been with Me since the beginning,” which probably explains why the Apostles made it one of their criteria for choosing a replacement for Judas.)

So the Gospel reading starts out with Jesus continuing His cheery talk with His disciples about how they are to react to persecution, and how they need to be prepared to flee from city to city, or to testify and be martyred if they get arrested. (Although the Spirit of the Father will speak in them, so that they won’t have to prepare speeches.) And everybody is going to hate them. Yup, you can’t say that Jesus didn’t warn us of the job conditions.

So then, this Gospel reading starts off with something a bit cheerier: “Therefore, do not fear them.” (Me oun phobethete autous.)

And here comes the connection to Jeremiah: “Because nothing is concealed that will not be revealed,” (ouden, gar, estin kekalymmenon ho ouk apokalypthesetai) “or secret, that will not be known.” (kai krypton ho ou gnosthesetai.)

(Also it’s kinda funny to have the word “krypton” in a reading, when there’s a Supergirl movie out, but that’s beside the point.)

God is our Just Judge and our relentless, honest Advocate, and we can trust the entire Trinity to be arguing our case and saving us from injustice. He is merciful when we don’t deserve it, if we will just be honest with Him and trust Him. We can trust Him with our secrets, and the day will come when we will see everything He has done for us.

But we must also speak up for Him, and testify to His kindness and goodness. Maybe with our lives, and maybe with our deaths. But we must speak up when needed, with the freest speech we have.

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John Quincy Adams Vs. Slavery

Speaker Mike Johnson tells the story of ex-President John Quincy Adams’ long lonely fight against Congress, against slavery. He fought to the end and died in Congress still fighting.

Another great man who is downplayed in US history classes. More history between 1812 and the Civil War that was important and is never mentioned. I am starting to think that we need “between the wars” classes to be taught, especially since it turns out to be so relevant. Also because nobody in the US talks about the war with Mexico anymore, but obviously this affects Mexico still (and Canada, and Texas, and most of the southern border states).

But I also notice how, with as much as one hears about every aspect of Lincoln’s life, that I had never heard about him having a relationship with John Quincy Adams, or him having been a pallbearer for his mentor.

Why is this not in a movie? The gangly log-splitter from Illinois carrying the ex-President’s coffin, head and shoulders above other men?

Or why is this not in the young Lincoln movies? The European-educated son of a Founding Father, sharing his experience with a man who did figures on a coal shovel?

One hears very little about Lincoln as congressman. Why? Why are we supposed to look away? To make people forget that abolitionism had existed from the beginnings of the Republic?

Finally, John Quincy Adams seems to have been copying the Roman senator, Cato the Elder, in his actions. Instead of “Carthage must be destroyed” (Carthago delenda est), he set a higher goal: “Slavery must be destroyed.”

Thank you for your service, sir. I am sorry we forgot.

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Walking in the Woods

I spent today doing chores (desultorily) and acknowledging sympathy cards (slowly). After that, I delivered a thank you card by hand, in the rain, which was not really what I wanted to do. But now it’s done.

However, I also got to watch the family of geese and goslings that is spending large amounts of time on my parents’ street. Apparently they discovered the neighbors’ mulberry trees, and are cleaning up their lawns of any stray berries.

Of course, this also means that there is a lot of goose poop on the street, which one must try to avoid. But it’s a lively springtime event to watch.

Another neighbor has a huge, tall tulip poplar in his yard, which had an extremely big bloom year this year. People either love or hate the “mess” from tulip tree blossoms, and this one is auditioning to become a mallorn in Lorien. There are little bits of tulip poplar flowers all down the block, and that’s a vast improvement on green goose fewmets.

After my delivery, I went walking in the woods. Part of the woods and fields at the top of the street is now a tiny border around an apartment complex (and an entire plat of houses and offices). But the other half of the woods was turned into a town nature reserve, and is being used by current generations of kids in the same way we used to use it.

One nice discovery was a couple of young Northern Catalpa trees. The scientific name is Catalpa speciosa, or “beautiful catalpa.”

This catalpa’s leaves are huge and heart-shaped. The blossoms are fancy and look like white orchids or giant snapdragons. Usually catalpas are pretty tall, so I don’t think I’ve ever actually seen the spring blossoms before.

These catalpas are both squished into the middle of existing taller trees, so they must be volunteers. I would have remembered seeing them in the spring, if I’d seen them before.

I missed the rest of the spring wildflowers this year, as well as the mayapples and the fun of looking for morels. (Yeah, I’ve never found any, but I have hopes.) So catalpas were a nice surprise.

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How Promises Made in the Attic Are Doing

On March 25, 1913, and for the next two days afterward, nearly 4 trillion gallons of rain and snow flowed through the Great Miami River’s watershed. Flooding wreaked havoc throughout the area. People had to retreat to the attics or roofs of their houses, hoping that the foundations would hold. (And some didn’t.)

After the 1913 Flood, there was a huge fundraising effort to “Remember the Promises You Made in the Attic,” and set up a flood control system to protect most of southwest Ohio. They raised 2 million dollars.

The fund then was used to set up the Miami Conservancy District, and an inspired water nut named Arthur Ernest Morgan was hired to make a system that would last as long as humanly possible, and require very little human intervention once set up. Small fees from landowners inside the Conservancy District would pay for upkeep in the years to come.

The plan included five dry dams, lots and lots of retarding basins, keeping construction off all the important floodplains, improving levees, and deepening and improving river channels.

Construction began in 1918, and was completed by the end of 1922. With an abundance of caution, the end of the project was not declared until April 1923 (after the winter and spring flood conditions had time to do their worst), which was still a year ahead of schedule.

Throughout the years, the farsighted and over-engineered system, and its largely passive methods paired with some active components, have continued to keep those 1913 promises.

So far, the highest amount of water storage was in 2005, when 137 billion gallons of water was stored over the course of the year.

Over the last few days, from May 22-26, 2026, the flood protection system has stored 4.6 billion gallons of water at four out of five of the dams. (Lockington Dam is far upstream, and isn’t collecting as much rainfall water this time.)

It’s not trillions, but that is still a pretty respectable amount of water for four days!

Several of the parks which double as floodplains and retarding or storage basins are currently closed. All of them are in low-lying areas close to Dayton.

The floodgates leading to several towns downstream of Dayton are also closed. Everything’s doing okay.

Obviously people are advised NOT to do any fishing or boating or swimming in the local waters, at this time.

There was an incident today where two folks tried to go kayaking, and ran into trouble as well as being separated. (This was on Twin Creek up in Germantown, which normally isn’t a river. Normally.) Fortunately, one kayaker was rescued by a family who saw him from the banks, and the other managed to rescue himself and get out of the swollen creek. The county water rescue unit was just thankful that the kayakers wore lifejackets, and that they didn’t end up having to go into the water themselves.

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